Metal-finishing machine



Nav. 1o19257. 1,561,133

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Fund Aug. 51. 192? IIIIIIIII Patented Nov. 1.0, 1925.

UNITED STATES 1,561,133 PATENT OFFICE.

DANIEL C. WOODWARD, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR T WALWORTH MAN- UFACTURING COMPANY, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION CHUSETTS.

METAL-FINISHING MACHINE.

0F MASSA- Application led August 31, 1922. Serial No. 585,536.

To all 'whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, DANIEL C. WoonwARD, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, a citizen of the United States, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Metal-Finishing Machines, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact descriptiona referencebeing had to the accompanying drawings, forming a .part of this specificatiom'in eX- plaining its nature.

The present invention relates to a machine for finishing any plain or formed s urface that may be finished by a breaching or allied process. The machine is especially adapted for external use. t i

The essential object of the invention is to provide a quick-acting machine, generally automatic in character, and which will complete at a single stroke the finishing of the part worked upon.

The invention can best be seen and understood by reference to the drawings, in which* Figure l is a side elevation of the machine.-

Fig. 2 is a plan on an enlarged scale.

Fig. 3 is a plan of certain parts thereof.

Fig. 4 is a view partly in vertical section and partly in side elevation of certain parts of the machine.

Fig. 5 is a vertical section showing certain parts thereof in elevation.

Fig. 6 is a vertical section showing other workin parts thereof in elevation.

Fig. g is a vertical section showing a portion of the clutch mechanism in enlarged detail.

Fig. 8 is in part a side elevation and in part a section of certain of the clutch members and clutch control.

Fig. 9 is a' view partly in section and partly in side elevation of various operative elements of the machine, and

Fig. 10 is an enlarged view mainly in side elevation of the latch and certain elements adjacent to it later to be referred to.

Referring to the drawings z- 1 represents the base of the machine. Mounted upon this base is a work table 2 and forward of the Work table a housing 3 carrying a ram 4 and other mechanism later to be referred to. The rain 4, which is the active operating element, is movable vertically, with an np-and-down stroke, within a way 5 in that portion of the housing facing' the table. Secured to the lower end of the ram in any suitable manner is a broach 6 or other tool for cutting to shape or finishing the work clamped to the table during the down stroke of the ram. For purposes of illustration the work is shown as comprising wrenches a' and b held onto the table by separate clamps 7, different parts of the separate wrenches being simultaneously shaped or finished during one down stroke of the rain. The work is clamped to the table so that the part to be finished will proj ect slightly beyond the forward edge 8 of the table and there be engaged by the toolcarried by the ram operating just off the edge of the table.

The ram is moved up and down by mechanisin operating from off 'a shaft 10 journaled to turn in bearings 10 upon the housing and power-driven in reverse directions as will later be explained. The shaft 10 extending beyond the side of the housing carries a gear 11 on the end thereof. This gear meshes with a gear 12 on a shaft 13 mounted to turn in bearings 13 on brackets 15 on the sides of the housing at the head thereof, the arrangement of the parts being such that the shaft 13 will occupy a position just in front of the ram. The shaft 13 carries a pinion gear 16 which meshes with a rack 17 on the front of the ram. With the parts thus connected the ram will be moved up and down in reverse direc-tions depending upon the direction of movement imparted to the shaft 10.

The work table is made in two parts 19 and 20. The lower part 20 is fixed to the base by bolts 20. The upper part has a slight forward-and-back movement toward and away from the ram and is slidably mounted upon the lower part, the same being preferably provided with flanged edges 21 which overlap and engage the side edges of the lower part for preventing lateral displacement.

The upper part 19of the table is slidably movable to the end that it may move forward before the cutis taken, positioning the work to receive the cut on the down stroke of the rain, and recede at the end of suoli stroke in order that the cutter may not drag oven the finished work during the return or up stroke of the ram. The movement of the part 19 of the table is very slight in any event, being hardly perceptible.

It is .-moyed and otherwise positioned vas follows Formed between the two parts of the table are sockets 22 each containing a wedge 23 presenting a straight back face or edge 24 and an inclined or vbeveled front edge or face 25. The rear edge 24 of the wedge bears against a surface 26 presented by the under stationary part 20 of the table and the inclined edge 25 bears against a correspondingly inclined edge 27 presented by the top movable part 19 yof the table. The socketing and bearing of the wedges are such that when they are pulled down from their elevated positions the top part of the table will be moved forward by the drawing contact of the wedges. The normal position of the movable part 19 of the table is a retracted position, the wedge or wedges 23 then occupying an elevated position within their respective sockets, and the table is yieldingly maintained in such retracted position by springs 28 contained within sockets 29 located between the respective parts of the table. The springs are interposed between the fore edge 30 of the movable part 19 of the table, at the rear end of the sockets 29, and adjustable spring-retaining screws 31 passed through the fixed part 20 of the table from the forward edge thereof and threaded in part therein by which their adjustment may be secured for changing the tension of the springs 28 as occasion requires.

The Wedges are pulled down for exerting a wedging action and thereby moving the top part of the table forward in an amount commensurate with the downward displacement of the wedges as follows: Secured to each wedge and projecting downwardly therefrom through an opening inthe bottom part of the table is a spindle 32 preferably adjustable in length. Each of these spindles is pivotally secured to the end of an arm 33 fixed to a shaft 34 extending beneath the fixed part of the table and journaled to turn in bea-rings 34 on the base portion of the machine'- One of the arms 33 secured to the shaft 34 forms part of a lever 36 having a forwardly-eXtending arm 37 which extends forward through the upper part of the base portion of the machine beneath the housing (see Fig. 4). Pivotally secured to the outer end of this arm is a link 38 pivotally secured to a lever arm 39 on a shaft 40 journaled to turn in bearings 40 on the side of the upright or housing. Secured to the end of the spindle 40 outside the housing is an upwardly-projecting lever arm 41. With the parts thus arranged and connected, movement imparted to the lever arm 41 for moving this arm with a forward and reverse movement, operates through the connecting mechanism to move the wedges 23 up and down within Reference will now be made to the means` for holding the work in place on the work table.- As previously described, the Work '1s held in place by a clamp or clamps 7, two clamps being preferably employed as two pieces of work are finished at the same time. While the clamps are the essential holding elements, yet other customary stops or fixtures (not shown) may be employed on the table to assist in positioning and otherwise holding the work in correct position as occasion may require. Each of the clamps 7 is borne on the top end of a rod 42 vto which the clamp is fixed. This rod extends down through both parts of the table, the rod moving with the top part through which it extends with rather a snug fit. The opening 43 through the bottom part of the table through which the rod extends is made slightly enlargedv or slotted to allow for the slight movement given the rod as the top part of the table is moved back and forth.

The rod 42 and clamp carried by it are moved up and down and the clamp maintained either in a released or engaging position by kmeans of compressed air acting upon a piston 44 contained Within a cylinder 45 operating through a toggle joint 46. 47 is a toggle casing bolted to the under side of the fixed part 2() of the table. The cylinder 45 is bolted to the lower end of this casing, which it will be seen by reference to Fig. 4, is of a substantially rectangular form. Formed preferably integral with the top part or head of the toggle casing is the fixed end 48 of the toggle. To this endis pivoted the movable part 49, and parts 49 and 50 of the toggle and are pivoted or hinged to one another. The part 50 is pivotally secured or hinged to a toggle end 51 fastened by a pin 52 to the lower end of therod 42 and otherwise secured by a nut 53 on the end of the rod. yThe rod 42 and clamp 7 borne b it will be moved down and the clamp rawn into an engaging position as the toggle is straightened and the rod will be moved up and reversely the clamp carried by it released into a disengaging position when the toggle is broken. The'toggle members 49 and 50 are made to fit around or embrace the rod when the toggle is straightened. To assist also in the operation of the toggle and for the purpose of assisting in guiding the rod during its movement, the end 51 of the toggle is provided with wings 54 (see Fig. 5) which extend laterally to fit within ways 55 in the toggle casing which provides guides therefor. Secured to the part 50 of the toggle through a yoke 56 is a lever 57 pivotally secured through an interposed link 58 t0 the piston rod 59 extending through lll) the end of the cylinder- 45 and secured to the piston 44' (see Fig. 4). Air under compression is admitted to opposite ends of the cylinder above and below the piston through pipes 60 and 61, respectively. These pipes connect with an air valve (not shown) contained within a casing 62 to which com pressed air is admitted from any suitable Source of supply. The valve w1 th1 n' the casing 62, which controls the admission of air, is itself controlled by a plunger rod 63, the arrangement being such that arr w1ll normally be admitted through the p1pe 61 to the lower end of the cylinder raising the piston, breaking the toggle and moving the clamp 7 into a disengaging position. When pressure is applied lifting the plunger rod 63, air will be admitted through the pipe 60 to the top part of the cylinder, depressing the piston, straightening the toggle and moving the clamp 7 into and maintaining it in an engaging position with the work. Upon the cessation of the lifting pressure upon the plunger rod 63 it will be returned by the pressure and air will be re-admitted through the pipe 61 to the lower end of the cylinder for breaking the toggle and lifting the clamp in accordance with the normal functioning of the air as explained above. The plunger rod '63 is elevated by the lifting of a lever 64 pivotally secured to t-he side of the housing (see Fig. 9). This lever has arms 65 and 66, respectively, the arm 65 lying beneath the lower end of the plunger rod 63 and engaging this rod for raising it as the arm is lifted. The arm 65 is an overbalancing arm relatively to the arm 66 of the lever so that when the arm 65 is released it will normally drop away from and assume a disengaging position with relation to the plunger rod 63.

Reference will now be made to the mechanism by which power is applied to the shaft 10 for operating the ram. Arranged below the shaft lO is a shaft 67 journaled to turn in bearings 67 uponthe upright housing (see Fig. 6). This shaft carries a gear or sprocket 68 driven by any suitable source of power (not shown). The shaft 67 also carries pinion gears 69 and 7 0, respectively. The gear 69 is in mesh for driving a clutch gear 71 loosely arranged to turn upon the shaft 10. The gear meshes with an intermediate gear 72 having bearings to turn on a bracket 72 on the interior side of the housing. The gear 72 is in mesh with a clutch gear 73 which like the gear 71 is loosely arranged to turn upon the shaft 10. With the gear connections thus provided, the clutch gear 73 will be turned in a direction reverse to the direction of movement imparted to the gear 71 as the shaft 67 is turned. Both the gears 71 and 73 are preferably mounted in boxes 74 on the shaft 10 and maintained against endwise displacement. Both clutch gears 71 and 73 have on the interior side thereof an annular boss 75 concentric with the axis of the gear. Mounted upon these bosses are friction rings 76, the same being slidable in keyways 76 in a direction parallel with the axis of the gear and shaft 10. Each friction ring presents a beveled face 77 and is backed by a number of coil springs 78, these springs normally holding the ring outwardly from the body of the gear.

. Interposed between the clutch gears 71 and 73 are friction disks 80 and 81, respectively. Each of these disks is provided with a hub 82 on the shaft 10, the same being slidable endwise thereon toward or away from the hubs of the respective clutch gears and maintained against rotation by a key or feat-her 83 common to both. the respective disks are coupled together by means of a nut 84, the friction disks being thereby movable in unison along the shaft 10.

Each of the friction disks is provided with a turned end 85 presenting a beveled face 86 adapted to have engagement with the beveled face`77 of each of the friction rings 76. Each of the friction disks is provided with an annular thickening or boss 88 directly opposed to the boss 75 on the clutch gear to which the friction ring is adjacent. Fixed in the respect-ive bosses of both gear and disk are opposing pins 89 and 90, respectively. These pins are provided with enlarged heads 91, each presenting a beveled side edge 92.

The further arrangement of each friction disk in relation to its adjacent clutch gear is such that when the friction disk is moved outwardly in the direction of the gear the beveled face 86 thereon will engage with the beveled face 77 of the friction rmg carried by the gear. The gear will accordingly impart its rotary movement to the friction disk and thereby through the hub of the disk to the shaft 10. The frictional contact between the beveled surfaces of the disk and ring, however, is not depended upon for imparting motion to the shaft 10 inasmuch as movement thus transmitted is not positive. After the contact between the beveled surfaces of the disk and ring is effected, a continued movement of the disk in the direction of the gear moves back the ring, compressing the springs 78 backing the ring and thereupon the beveled heads of the pins 89 and 90 will be brought laterally into contact with each other at the point of their beveled sides and thereupon a positive drive will be effected. The essential advantage of obtaining a friction drive preliminary to the positive drive effected by the heads of the pins, resides in the fact that the heads will gradually draw into contact with each other avoiding the blow which would otherwise The hubs 82 of occur. When the movement of the friction disk is reversed the heads of the pins are irst drawn away from one another, relieving the positive drive, and afterward the friction drive will be relieved.

The friction disks are moved in reverse directions so that one disk or the other will have engagement as just described with the clutch gear to which it is adjacent, as follows: Arranged midway between the friction disks upon the connected hubs of these disks is a sleeve 95 (see Figs. 2 and 6), having within it a circumferential groove 96 and presenting beveled edges 97. Pivoted to each of the friction disks and interposed between them and the sleeve are a number of levers having arms 98 and 99, respectively. The arms 98 of the levers are fulcrumed on the shaft 10, the ends of the arms lying within sockets formed in the shaft. The arms 99 of the levers bear against the beveled surfaces 97 of the sleeve. Motion imparted to the sleeve is transmitted through the levers thus arranged to one or` the other of the frictiondisks depending upon the direction of motion. Extending to lie within the circumferential groove 96 in the sleeve are the turned ends 100 of a yoke 101. This yoke is fixed to the upper end of a shaft 102 journaled to turn in bearings 103, the yoke and sleeve with it being moved in reverse directions as the shaft is reversely turned. Secured to the lower end of the shaft 102 is a lever 104 having on the end thereof an operating handle 105. The lever extends through a slot 106 in the side of the casing. Secured, also, to the shaft 102 is an arm 108 to the end of which is secured a coil spring 109 connected to the side of the casing. This spring operates by its tension to normally retain the lever 104 in such position as will maintain the friction disk 81 in engagement with the clutch gear 7 3.

Provision is made, however, as will later be explained, for maintaining the level' 104 and consequently the sleeve 95 controlled by it in a neutral position against the tension of the spring 109. and when so niaintained both friction disks will beinaintained out of contact with the clutch gears, and the machine is at rest. When the lever is being so maintained it is prevented from being thrown in a direction tending to effect engagement between the disk 80 and the clutch gear 71 for starting the machine or, in other words, into its position as shown in Fig. 1, by means of a latch 110 (see Fig. 10). pivoted by pin 111 to the side of the housing and lies above the projecting end of the lever 104 when occupying its neutral position. The latch bears against a fixed pin 112 on the housing and against this pin the latch is normally held by a spring 113.

This latch in the nature of a block is The latch, however, is free to turn away from the pin 112 when the hooked end 115 of the lever is lifted away from the shoulder 114. Cut within the block is a slot 117 and within this slot, hinged to and hanging suspended from the pin 111 by which the latch is secured to the housing, is a tongue 118. The tongue is adapted to freely swing in the direction indicated by the arrow (see Fig. 10), but is prevented from a reverse movement by the surface edge 119 ot' the latch. The tongue projects downwardly beyondthebottom end of the latch to lie back of a stop120 on the top side of the lever 104 when this lever is occupying the neutral position above referred to, preventing the lever from being turned into the position shown in Fig. 1 for starting thc machine. When, however, the hooked end 115 is lifted clear from the shoulder 114 on the latchl then the latch is permitted to turn, when the lever may be thrown by the end ofthe tongue into the position shown in Fig. 1 for starting the machine. It will also be observed that when the latch is being held against turning by the pin 112 on the one side and the hook 115 on the other side, the lever (assuming it to be in the position indicated .in Fig. 1) may be thrown in the direction indicatedv by theA arrow, inasmuch as the tongue is free to turn in the direction thus indicated allowing clear passage for t-he lever.

When the lever 104 has been thrown into a position asindicatcd in Fig. 1 Jfor starting the machine, it is maintained in'such-position by a spring-controlled lever 121 pivoted to the housing and provided with a hookforming arm 122 which locks in behind a stop 123 on the bottom side of the lever 104. The lever 121Y is further provided with an arm 124 byv which it may be turned and the hook-forming arm 122 thereof be moved away from the stop 12? freeing the lever 104.

The pivoted lever 116 carrying the hooked end 115 Awhich engages the latch 110 has an opposing hooked end 125 which engages the turned end 66 of the pivoted lever 64 when `the arm 65 'of this lever has been 'lifted ito engagement with the plunger rod 63 of the air control, as previously described, for holding the arm in its raised position. When the end 125 is thus in engagement, the opposing hooked end 115 of the lever 116 will be lifted away from the latch 110, but will be free to engage the latch when the engagement between the parts 125 and 66 is broken.

For assisting in the automatic control of the machine further mechanism is provided as follows: 126 is a shaft mounted to turn in bearings 126 on the housing (see Figs. 6 and 9). On this shaft is a gear 127 which meshes with a rack 128 on the back of the ram 4, the gear 127 and shaft 126 being accordingly turned in reverse directions as the ram is moved up and down. Mounted on the end of the shaft 126 outside the housing is a cam wheel 130 carrying cams 131 and 132. The cam 131 bears cam points 133, 134 and 135, and the cam 132 bears cam points 136 and 137. The cam points of the respective cams engage various of the operative elements before referred to and thereby assist in the control of th-e machine, the general operation being as follows It will be assumed that the work is correctly positioned on the table. It will also be assumed that the table 19 is advanced into a position wheie the work carried by it will be acted upon by the tool when the ram descends and that the lever 104 is in a neutral position. In fact, these are the positions of the table and lever preliminary to the starting of the machine. The operator lifts the lever arm 65. Air is then admitted to the upper end of the cylinder 45 thereby straightening the toggle 46 and firmly clamping work and table to the base. 'hen arm 65 is raised the end 125 of lever 116 hooks over the end of arm 66 of lever 64 holding it in place and the arm 65 in its raised position. As the end 125 of lever 116 hooks over arm 66 the other end 115 of lever 116 raises away from latch 110 leaving the latch free to turn away from the stop 112 and permitting lever 104 being thrown into a position for starting the machine. In this connection it will be observed that the machine cannot be started 'until the work is properly positioned and clamped.

The starting lever 104 is now thrown over into a position where the arm 122 will hook over the stop 123 on the under side of the lever preventing its return, the lever being at all times subject to the tension of spring 109 tending to return it. The throwing over of the lever .starts the machine, the friction disk 80 being moved first into frictional contact and later into positive driving en` gagement with the clutch gear 71 and the ram is moved downward causing the tool to engage and pass by the work. As the ram moves downward the cam wheel 130 is turned counterclockwise in thc direction of the arrow as shown in Fig. 4. lVlien the ram has nearly reached the end of its stroke the cam wheel 130 will have turned to a position where cam point 133 thereon will engage end 115 of lever 116 thereby turning and unlocking lever 64 and locking latch 110; cam point 134 will engage arm 124 depressing this arm and unlocking the hooked end of arm 122 from stop 123 on lever 104, thereby releasing the lever, and the cam 135 will strike lever arm 41 turning this arm. .lVhen lever 64 is unlocked arm 65 will fall thereby permitting air to be admitted to the lower end of 4cylinder 45 thereby breaking the toggle, lifting the clamp and leaving the part, 19 of the table free to move. When the lever 41 is turned as indicated the wedges 23 are lifted and table 19 is moved back from the line of the tool in order that the tool may not draw ovei` the face of the work on the lifting of the ram and return of the tool. When lever 104 is released it is thrown by the spring 109 into estreme reverse position causing friction disk 81 to engage clamp gear 73 first with a friction drive immediately followed by a positive engagement causing a reverse movement of the driving mechanism, and the ram is moved up. As the ram moves up the cam wheel 130 will be turned in a clockwise direction as indicated by the arrow on Fig. 9. Just as the ram is completing its upward stroke the cam point 136 on cam 132 will engage and throw back arm 41 depressing wedges 23 and moving outwardly table 1 9 preparatory to another cut. At the same time the cam point 137 will strike lever 104 and return it to, and by the engagement of the cam, hold it in a neutral position, stopping the machine. The finished work is then removed, other work reset, and the operation repeated.

Having thus fully described my invention I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States:

1. In a machine of the type specified, the combination comprising a tool carrying ram, means for operating the ram 'in reverse directions, a movable work table, means for holding the table in a normal retracted position, means for positioning the table and work carried by it preliminary to action upon the work by the tool carried by the ram and afterwards prior to the return of the tool past the work on the reverse movement of the ram permitting of the return of the table to its normal retracted position.

2. In a machine of the type specified, the combination comprising a tool carrying ram, means for operating the ram, a movable work table, a fixture backing said table, a wedge interposed between said table and fixture, and mechanism in operative connection with the wedge for positioning the table through said wedge.

3. In a machine of the type specified, the combination comprising a tool carrying ram, means for operating the ram, a movable work table, a fixture backing said table, a wedge interposed between said table and said fixture, means for holding the table in a normally retracted position, and means for moving wedge to move table into a determinate position and maintain it in such position.

4. In a machine of the type specified, the combination comprising a tool-carrying ram, means for operating the ram in reverse directions, a movable work table, means for positioning the table and work carried by it preliminary to the action on the work of the tool carried by the ram, means for Fixing the table and work so positioned, and means whereby the table and work'may be released and retraction of the table eected subsequent to the action of the tool upon the work and prior to the return of the tool past the work on the reverse movement of the ram.

5. In a machine of the type specified, the combination comprising a ytool carrying ram, means for operating the ram, a movable work table, a fixture backing said table, means for positioning said table and work carried by it preliminary to action upon the work by the tool carried by the ram, and means for then clamping the table so positioned and work carried by it to said fixture.

6. In a machine of the type specified, the combination comprising a tool-carrying ram, means for operating the ram, a movable work table, a fixture backing said table, means for positioning said table and work carried by it preliminary to action upon the work by the tool carried by the ram, a clamp, and means for operating the clamp to bind the work onto said table and said table onto said fixture when said table and work are positioned as aforesaid.

7. In a machine of the type specified, the combination comprising a tool carrying ram, means for operating the ram, a movable work table, a fixture backing said table, a work iholding clamp, a rod carrying said clamp extending through the work table, and a power operated mechanism connecting with said rod for moving the clamp into an engaging or disengaging position, said mechanism consisting in part of a toggle and means for straightening and breaklng said toggle.

8. In a machine of the type specified, the combination comprising a tool carrying ram, means for operating the ram, a movable work table, a fixture backing said table, a clamp for fastening the work table and work carried by it to the fixture, a rod carrying said clamp extending through the Work table, a toggle casing secured to said fixture, a toggle having an end fixed to said casing and an end fixed to said rod and movable on said casing actin as guide therefor, and intermediate mem ers hinged to one another and to said respective ends of the toggle, and a controllable power operated mechanism connecting with the hinged portion of said toggle for straightening and breaking the toggle.

9. In a machine of the type specified, a tool-carrying ram movable in reverse directions, a shaft from off which saidram is operated as said shaft is reversely turned, mechanism interposed between the shaft and ram, clutch members loosely arranged upon said shaft, means fo-r rotating said members in directions reverse to one another, friction members slidably arranged upon said shaft adjacent each of said clutch members and movable respectively into engagement therewith as the position of said friction members is shifted along said shaft, means whereby a frictional engagement followed by a positive engagement may be obtained between one of said'clutch members and the friction member adjacent it as the position of said friction member is shifted along said shaft forv moving the ram in one direction, and means for alternately shifting said friction members along said shaft whereby engagement may be made with one or the other of said clutch members as aforesaid.

10. In a machine of the type specified, the combination comprising a tool carrying ram movable in reverse directions, a shaft from off which said ram is operated as said shaft is reversely turned, mechanism interposed between said shaft and ram, clutch members loosely arranged upon said shaft, means for rotating said members in directions reverse to one another, friction disks slidably arranged upon said shaft adjacent each of said clutch members and movable respectively into engagement therewith as the position of said disks is shifted along said shaft, means whereby a frictional engagement followed by a positive engagement may be obtained between each clutch member and friction disk adjacent ro it as the position of said disk is shifted along the shaft, and means for alternately shifting said friction disks along said shaft whereby engagement may be made withI one or the other of said clutch members as aforesaid.

11. In a machine of the type specified, the combination comprising a tool carrying ram movable in reverse directions, a shaft from off which said ram is operated as said shaft is reversely turned, mechanism interposed between said shaft and ram, clutch members loosely arranged upon said shaft, springbacked friction rings slidably arranged upon said clutch members to rotate th-erewlth, means for rotating said clutch members in directions reverse to one another, friction disks slidably arranged upon said shaft adjacent each of said clutch members, and movable respectively into engagement with the friction rings carried thereby as the position of said disks is shifted along said shaft, and means whereby the frictional engagement between said disks and rings may' be followed by -a positive engagement between said ldisks and clutch members, and

means for alternately shifting said friction disks along said shaft whereby engagement may be made with one or the other of said friction rings and clutch members as aforesaid.

12. In al machine of the type specified, the combination comprising a tool carrying ram movable in reverse directions, a shaft from ofi' which said ram is operated as said shaft is reversely turned, mechanism interposed between said shaft and ram, clutch members loosely arranged upon said shaft, means for rotating said members in directions reverse to one another, friction disks slidably arranged upon said shaft adjacent each of said clutch members and movable respectively into engagement therewith as the position of said disks is shifted along said shaft, a sleeve loosely arranged between said disks and series of levers interposed between said sleeve and said disks respectively, each of said levers being pivoted to said disks with an arm fulcrumed on said shaft and an arm adapted to receive the bearing of said sleeve, and means for shifting said sleeve alternately in opposite directions whereby the movement thereof may be imparted to said disks through said levers for forming clutch engagement between the disks and clutch members as aforesaid.

13. In a machine of the type specified, the combination comprising a tool carrying ram, a work table, power driven mechanism for operating the ram to carry the tool in reverse directions past said table, a starting lever by which said driving mechanism is rendered active for driving the ram, a releasable latch holding said lever, a. work holding clamp, means for operating the clamp and means whereby said latch will be released to release said starting lever only after said clamping means have been rendered active for holding the work.

14. In a machine of the type specified, the combination comprising a. work table, a tool carrying ram, power driven mechanism for operating the ram to carry the tool in reverse directions past said table. means for controlling said driving mechanism, a Work holding cla-mp, means for moving the clamp into and out of an engaging position, and means whereby the driving mechanism may be released to become active only after the clamp has been moved into an engaging position.

15. In a machine of the type specified, the combination comprising a work table, a tool carrying ram, a power driven mechanism for driving the ram to carry the tool in reverse directions past said table, means for controlling said driving mechanism, a, work holding clamp, means for moving the clamp into and out of engaging position, and means whereby the clamp will be automatically released from an engaging to a disengaging position during the operation of the ram and subsequent to the action of the tool carried by the rain upon the Work.

16. In a machine of the type specified, the combination comprising a work table, a. tool carrying ram, a. power driven mechanism for driving the ram to carry the tool in reverse directions past said table, means for controlling said driving mechanism, a work holding clamp, means for moving the clamp into and out of engaging position, and means whereby the clamp will be automatically released from an engaging to a disengaging position during the operation of the ram subsequent to the action of the tool carried by the ram upon the work and prior to the return of the tool past the. work on the reverse movement of the ram.

17 In a. machine of the type specified, the combination comprising a movable Work table, a tool carrying ram, means for positioning the table and work carried by it preliminary tothe action of the tool carried by the ram upon the work borne by the table and from which position the table is releasable into a retracted position, a. power driven mechanism for driving the ram to carry the tool in reverse directions past said table, means for controlling said driving mechanism` a work holding clamp, means for moving the clamp into and out of an engaging position, and means whereby the clamp will be released into a disengaging position subsequent to the action of the tool borne by the ram upon the work and whereby also the work table will be released into a retracted position subsequent to the release of the clamp and prior to the return of the tool past the work on the reverse movement of the ram.

18. In a machine of the type specified, the combination comprising a, movable work table, a tool carrying ram, means for moving the Work table into a determinate position where the work borne by it will be acted upon by the tool carried by the ram and from which position the table is releasable into a retracted position, a power driven mechanism for operating the ram to car the tool in reverse directions past said table, means for controlling said driving mechanism and means whereby during the operation of the ram said table may be released into a. retracted position subsequent to the action of the tool borne by the ram upon the work and afterwards said table be moved into and maintained in the determinate position as aforesaid before the ram has completed its return stroke.

19. In a machine of the type specified, the combination with a power-driven operating mechanism, of a tool-carrying` ram movable in reverse directions, a movable work table adapted to occupy a determinate position where the work borne by it will be acted lib upon by the tool carried by the ram or a retracted position, a work and table holding clamp adapted and arranged to occupy either an engaging or disengaging position, means whereby said table may be moved to occupy its determined or released position as aforesaid, means for moving the clamp into and out of engaging position, means whereby said table may be made to occupy its determinate position and said clamp its engaging position preliminary to the action of the tool upon the work and afterward the disengagement of said clamp be eiected and said table made to occupy its retracted position subsequent to the action of the tool upon the work and prior to the return of the tool past the work on the reverse movement of the ram.

20. In a machine of the type specified, the combination comprising a tool carrying ram movable in reverse directions, a power driven clutch forming mechanism for operating the ram to be movable in reverse directions, means for controlling said mechanism consisting in part of a spring retained operating arm movable from a neutral position for rendering active said driving mechanism, a releasable latch backing said arm when in a neutral position, and means operable from oit the ram at the end of the reverse stroke thereof .for moving said arm into its neutral position and holding it in such position.

2l. In a machine of the type specified, the combination comprising a tool carrying ram movable in reverse directions, a power driven clutch forming mechanism for operating the ram, means for controlling said mechanism consisting in part of a spring retained arm, a pivoted latch having a pivoted tongue socketed therein by which the arm is movable only in one direction excepting only when said latch is released to turn, and releasable means holding the latch from turning, and a releasable member for holding said arm when moved by said latch upon the permitted turning thereof. t

22. In a machine of the type specified, the combination comprising a movable work table, mechanism assisting in the control orv said table, a work retaining clamp, mechanism assisting in the control of said clamp, a tool carrying ram movable in reverse directions, a power operated clutch having parts reversely movable with connecting mechanism for operating the ram, mechanism for controlling the clutch consisting in part of an operating arm, mechanism assisting in the positioning and control of said arm, aV rotary cam wheel, means for driving said wheel in reverse directions from ott said ram, and cams carried by said wheel having points arranged to engage in turn various of said mechanisms and operating parts as the cam wheel is turned in reverse directions, substantially as described.

23. In a machine of the type specified, the combination comprising a tool-carrying ram, apower-driven mechanism for operating the ram in reverse directions, a work-holding clamp, mechanism for operating the clamp to occupy engaging or disengaging positions, mechanism for controlling said powerdriven mechanism and consisting in part of a starting lever adapted and arranged to occupy a normally locked position, mechanism assisting in the retention and control of said lever and permitting of the release thereof only after said clamp-controlling mechanism has been rendered active to move the clamp into an engaging position, and means operated by said ram during the operation thereof assisting in the control of said various mechanisms to move said clamp into a disengaging position and to control said lever including the restoration of said lever to itsnorma'l position and its retention in such position.

24. In amachine of the type specified, the.

combinationV comprising a movable work table, a tool-carrying ram, mechanism for positioning the table, a work-holding clamp, mechanism for operating the clamp to occupy engaging or disengaging positions, a power-driven mechanism -for operating the tool-carrying ram in reverse directions, mechanism for controlling said powerdriven mechanism and consisting in part of a starting leved adapted and arranged to occupy normally a locked position, mechanism assisting in the retention and control of said lever and permitting of the release thereof only after said clamp-controlling mechanism has been rendered active to move the clamp into an engaging position, and means operated by said ram during the operation thereof assisting in the control of said lvarious mechanisms to position said table, to move said clamp into a disengaging position, to control said lever including the restoration of said lever to its normal position and its retention in such position. DANIEL C. WOO-DVVARD. 

